Returns the number of DAGs in the Markov equivalence class of a PDAG
without materializing each one. Useful for sizing an enumeration before
calling enumerate_dags().
Value
A single numeric value, the cardinality of the MEC. Counts above
2^53 lose integer precision; in practice no realistic PDAG yields a
MEC anywhere near that size.
References
Chickering, D. M. (2002). "Learning Equivalence Classes of Bayesian-Network Structures". Journal of Machine Learning Research, 2:445–498.